The word Nationalism derived from Nation. A Nation is a group of people of (usually, but not always) the same race, history, culture, language and geographical territory. Nationalism is the belief that every nation has the right to rule independantly the land that they lived on for the whole history. Nationalism is sometimes confused with Patriotism which means loyalty to your country.
Nationalism is the reason why some nations exist, it is also why some Empires were broken up. Italy was once ruled by Austria, but the people wanted change so during 1848 the people had rebelled. People wanted to make Italy a nation. A prime minister named Camillo di Cavour helped unite Italy and gain its freedom as a nation.
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